If your doctor spots these symptoms, they may follow up with a physical exam and a variety of blood tests that measure the levels of glucose, or sugar, in your blood and/or your tolerance to that glucose. And an HDL cholesterol level under 40 milligrams per deciliter in men, and an HDL cholesterol level under 50 milligrams per deciliter in women. A fasting triglycerides level over 150 milligram per deciliter. Or a blood sugar level equal or above 140 milligrams per deciliter two hours after a glucose load test. A fasting glucose level equal or above 100 milligrams per deciliter. A blood pressure reading of 130 over 80 or higher. Skin tags or patches of dark velvety skin called acanthosis nigricans. These includes a waistline over 40 inches in men, and a waistline over 35 inches in women. There are some signs of insulin resistance that your doctor may look for. It is usually picked up by their doctor during an annual health exam or routine blood work. Very often people with insulin resistance don't have any symptoms at all. So carrying either too much or not enough fat tissue in your body can be associated with insulin resistance. Lipodystrophy syndromes are conditions that cause abnormal fat loss. There are other medical conditions associated with insulin resistance, like obstructive sleep apnea, fatty liver disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, also known as PCOS, Cushing's syndrome, and lipodystrophy syndromes. Risk is further increased with a family history of type two diabetes, age over 45, African, Latino or Native American ancestry, smoking, and certain medications, including steroids, anti-psychotics, and HIV medication. In particular, people with excess weight are at a higher risk, compared to the general population. Who gets it?Īnyone can become insulin-resistant. As a result, blood sugar levels increase to the point of being in the diabetic range. Over time, the pancreas keeps trying to regulate the blood sugar, producing more and more insulin until it wears out and can't produce large amounts of insulin anymore. With insulin resistance, the cells don't react, and don't open up, resulting in excessive sugar in the blood. Insulin is a hormone released by the pancreas that tells your cells to open up to that sugar and convert it into energy. When you eat food, your body converts that food into dietary sugars. To understand insulin resistance, often referred to as prediabetes, let's first talk about what insulin does. Whether you're looking for answers for yourself or someone you love, we're here to give you the best information available. What is it? Who gets it? The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. In this video, we'll cover the basics of insulin resistance. Eleanna De Filippis, an endocrinologist at Mayo Clinic.
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